Experiment 2 Stimuli and Results

*Stimulus (a) is the first object in the afforded context and (b) in the non-afforded context.

*Stimulus (c) is the second object in the afforded context and (d) in the non-afforded context.

*tasaAll is the LSA rating for the critical sentence and the stimulus sentence using the tasaAll space.

*Sensibility/Envisioning 1st and 2nd refer to the order that the subject answered the ratings.



Click to see:
Experiment 1 materials
Experiment 3 materials
Homepage of supplemental information for Glenberg & Robertson
supplemental paper describing additional experiments.

1. Susan and Sara were having a water fight in their kitchen.

a. Susan threw some hot water on Sara’s arm and it burned the skin off her arm.

b. Susan took a pitcher of hot water and poured it on Sara to cool her off.

c. Susan took a pitcher of cold water and poured it on Sara to cool her off.

d. Susan threw some cold water on Sara’s arm and it burned the skin off her arm.

1a: afforded

.38 (tasaAll)

4.00 (Sensibility 1st )

5.20 (Sensibility 2nd)

6.20 (Envisioning 1st )

4.40 (Envisioning 2nd)

1b: non-afforded

.55(tasaAll)

2.00(Sensibility 1st )

3.00 (Sensibility 2nd)

5.40(Envisioning 1st )

4.20(Envisioning 2nd)

1c: afforded

.59(tasaAll)

5.60(Sensibility 1st )

6.00 (Sensibility 2nd)

6.40(Envisioning 1st )

6.80(Envisioning 2nd)

1d: non-afforded

.39(tasaAll)

1.80(Sensibility 1st )

1.80 (Sensibility 2nd)

4.80(Envisioning 1st )

2.40(Envisioning 2nd)



2. Kate was cleaning her kitchen on Sunday morning after a big party she had the night before.

a. Since she couldn’t reach the ceiling, she stuck her broom up in the air to try to get a piece of gum off her ceiling tile.

b. She got down on her hands and knees to scrape the beer stains off the ceiling tile.

c. She got down on her hands and knees to scrape the beer stains off the floor tile.

Since she couldn’t reach the ceiling, she stuck her broom up in the air to try to get a piece of gum off her floor tile.

2a: afforded

.35(tasaAll)

4.60(Sensibility 1st )

5.60 (Sensibility 2nd)

7.00(Envisioning 1st )

6.00(Envisioning 2nd)

2b: non-afforded

.31(tasaAll)

1.60(Sensibility 1st )

1.20 (Sensibility 2nd)

3.00(Envisioning 1st )

2.40(Envisioning 2nd)

2c: afforded

.28(tasaAll)

6.00(Sensibility 1st )

6.60 (Sensibility 2nd)

7.00(Envisioning 1st )

6.60(Envisioning 2nd)

2d: non-afforded

.33(tasaAll)

2.40(Sensibility 1st )

1.60 (Sensibility 2nd)

2.80(Envisioning 1st )

2.40(Envisioning 2nd)



3. Rita’s family was on a camping trip in the mountains. She was sleeping in a tent by herself and she started to get a little scared as she drifted off to sleep.

a. She grabbed a teddy bear out of her backpack to cuddle with while she slept.

b. She screamed as she saw a large teddy bear eating their leftover dinner.

c. She screamed as she saw a large grizzly bear eating their leftover dinner.

She grabbed a grizzly bear out of her backpack to cuddle with while she slept.

3a: afforded

.41(tasaAll)

6.40(Sensibility 1st )

7.00 (Sensibility 2nd)

6.80(Envisioning 1st )

7.00(Envisioning 2nd)

3b: non-afforded

.25(tasaAll)

4.00(Sensibility 1st )

3.00 (Sensibility 2nd)

3.40(Envisioning 1st )

5.40(Envisioning 2nd)

3c: afforded

.25(tasaAll)

5.80(Sensibility 1st )

5.40 (Sensibility 2nd)

6.20(Envisioning 1st )

6.40(Envisioning 2nd)

3d: non-afforded

.41(tasaAll)

3.80(Sensibility 1st )

1.60 (Sensibility 2nd)

4.60(Envisioning 1st )

3.80(Envisioning 2nd)



4. Bill noticed that there was water dripping from his ceiling.

a. Bill used a thin plastic sheet to protect his chair from the water.

b. Bill used a thin plastic sheet to absorb the water that had fallen.

c. Bill used a thin cloth sheet to absorb the water that had fallen.

d. Bill used a thin cloth sheet to protect his chair from the water.

Stimulus tasaAll Sensibility 1st Sensibility 2nd Envisioning 1st Envisioning 2nd

4a: afforded

.79(tasaAll)

6.00(Sensibility 1st )

6.60 (Sensibility 2nd)

7.00(Envisioning 1st )

6.00(Envisioning 2nd)

4b: non-afforded

.79(tasaAll)

2.40(Sensibility 1st )

3.80 (Sensibility 2nd)

4.80(Envisioning 1st )

4.40(Envisioning 2nd)

4c: afforded

.80(tasaAll)

4.20(Sensibility 1st )

6.60 (Sensibility 2nd)

6.40(Envisioning 1st )

5.40(Envisioning 2nd)

4d: non-afforded

.79(tasaAll)

4.00(Sensibility 1st )

3.40 (Sensibility 2nd)

6.00(Envisioning 1st )

5.80(Envisioning 2nd)



5. Richard was digging through a box of junk in his basement.

a. He crushed a ping pong ball in his hand.

b. He sunk a ping pong ball in a bucket of water.

c. He sunk a steel ball in a bucket of water.

d. He crushed a steel ball in his hand.

Stimulus tasaAll Sensibility 1st Sensibility 2nd Envisioning 1st Envisioning 2nd

5a: afforded

.04(tasaAll)

4.80(Sensibility 1st )

5.00 (Sensibility 2nd)

5.40(Envisioning 1st )

5.80(Envisioning 2nd)

5b: non-afforded

.01(tasaAll)

1.80(Sensibility 1st )

2.80 (Sensibility 2nd)

4.80(Envisioning 1st )

2.60(Envisioning 2nd)

5c: afforded

.01(tasaAll)

3.40(Sensibility 1st )

3.20 (Sensibility 2nd)

4.20(Envisioning 1st )

4.80(Envisioning 2nd)

5d: non-afforded

.04(tasaAll)

2.20(Sensibility 1st )

1.20 (Sensibility 2nd)

2.60(Envisioning 1st )

1.60(Envisioning 2nd)



6. Henry had just finished skinny dipping in the lake.

a. He covered up his body with his beach towel.

b. He pulled out a beach towel from his jeans’ pocket.

c. He pulled out a hand towel from his jeans’ pocket.

d. He covered up his body with his hand towel.

6a: afforded

.07(tasaAll)

6.80(Sensibility 1st )

7.00 (Sensibility 2nd)

7.00(Envisioning 1st )

7.00(Envisioning 2nd)

6b: non-afforded

.07(tasaAll)

1.00(Sensibility 1st )

1.20 (Sensibility 2nd)

3.00(Envisioning 1st )

2.40(Envisioning 2nd)

6c: afforded

.03(tasaAll)

5.60(Sensibility 1st )

4.60 (Sensibility 2nd)

4.60(Envisioning 1st )

5.20(Envisioning 2nd)

6d: non-afforded

.05(tasaAll)

3.20(Sensibility 1st )

2.00 (Sensibility 2nd)

2.40(Envisioning 1st )

5.00(Envisioning 2nd)



7. John was cleaning up his garage.

a. He put all the old baseballs he found into a garbage can.

b. He found an old garbage can and put it in his glove compartment.

c. He found an old soda can and put it in his glove compartment.

d. He put all the old baseballs he found into a soda can.

7a: afforded

.15(tasaAll)

7.00(Sensibility 1st )

7.00 (Sensibility 2nd)

7.00(Envisioning 1st )

7.00(Envisioning 2nd)

7b: non-afforded

.18(tasaAll)

1.20(Sensibility 1st )

1.20 (Sensibility 2nd)

1.80(Envisioning 1st )

1.60(Envisioning 2nd)

7c: afforded

.16(tasaAll)

4.20(Sensibility 1st )

4.40 (Sensibility 2nd)

6.00(Envisioning 1st )

5.20(Envisioning 2nd)

7d: non-afforded

.14(tasaAll)

1.40(Sensibility 1st )

1.00 (Sensibility 2nd)

1.80(Envisioning 1st )

2.00(Envisioning 2nd)



8. Janice was sitting in her den.

a. The ticking of the desk clock was annoying her so she placed it in her drawer.

b. She wanted to hide a folder from her husband, so she put it inside the desk clock.

c. The ticking of the grandfather clock was annoying her so she placed it in her drawer.

d. She wanted to hide a folder from her husband, so she put it inside the grandfather clock.

8a: afforded

.67(tasaAll)

6.60(Sensibility 1st )

5.80 (Sensibility 2nd)

7.00(Envisioning 1st )

7.00(Envisioning 2nd)

8b: non-afforded

.55(tasaAll)

4.20(Sensibility 1st )

3.00 (Sensibility 2nd)

3.80(Envisioning 1st )

2.20(Envisioning 2nd)

8c: afforded

.65(tasaAll)

1.40(Sensibility 1st )

1.80 (Sensibility 2nd)

2.00(Envisioning 1st )

1.60(Envisioning 2nd)

8d: non-afforded

.53(tasaAll)

5.80(Sensibility 1st )

5.60 (Sensibility 2nd)

6.00(Envisioning 1st )

6.40(Envisioning 2nd)



9. Julie needed some extra money to pay bills.

a. She decided she would rent out the extra room in her ranch house to college students.

b. She decided to throw her ranch house into the backseat of her car and take it to the pawn shop.

c. She decided to throw her doll house into the backseat of her car and take it to the pawn shop.

d. She decided she would rent out the extra room in her doll house to college students.

9a: afforded

.06(tasaAll)

7.00(Sensibility 1st )

6.80 (Sensibility 2nd)

6.80(Envisioning 1st )

6.60(Envisioning 2nd)

9b: non-afforded

.06(tasaAll)

1.00(Sensibility 1st )

1.00 (Sensibility 2nd)

1.00(Envisioning 1st )

1.20(Envisioning 2nd)

9c: afforded

.06(tasaAll)

5.80(Sensibility 1st )

7.00 (Sensibility 2nd)

7.00(Envisioning 1st )

5.60(Envisioning 2nd)

9d: non-afforded

.05(tasaAll)

1.20(Sensibility 1st )

1.00 (Sensibility 2nd)

1.60(Envisioning 1st )

1.80(Envisioning 2nd)



10. Brian had many things to do before his father came to see his new apartment.

a. He picked up his matchbox car and set it on the train set to make it appear more realistic.

b. He drove his matchbox car to the shopping mall to pick up his roommates.

c. He drove his luxury car to the shopping mall to pick up his roommates.

d. He picked up his luxury car and set it on the train set to make it appear more realistic.

10a: afforded

.11(tasaAll)

3.00(Sensibility 1st )

3.40 (Sensibility 2nd)

3.80(Envisioning 1st )

5.60(Envisioning 2nd)

10b: non-afforded

.16(tasaAll)

2.20(Sensibility 1st )

1.40 (Sensibility 2nd)

2.40(Envisioning 1st )

3.40(Envisioning 2nd)

10c: afforded

.16(tasaAll)

5.00(Sensibility 1st )

4.40 (Sensibility 2nd)

5.60(Envisioning 1st )

6.60(Envisioning 2nd)

10d: non-afforded

.11(tasaAll)

2.20(Sensibility 1st )

1.40 (Sensibility 2nd)

2.20(Envisioning 1st )

2.00(Envisioning 2nd)



11. John knew that he would not be able to watch all of the movie on TV, so he considered various options.

a. He decided to use his VCR to record his favorite TV show on some video tape.

b. He decided to use some video tape to hold a poster to the wall.

c. He decided to use some masking tape to hold a poster to the wall.

He decided to use his VCR to record his favorite TV show on some masking tape.

11a: afforded

.28(tasaAll)

5.00(Sensibility 1st )

3.60 (Sensibility 2nd)

5.80(Envisioning 1st )

6.20(Envisioning 2nd)

11b: non-afforded

.10(tasaAll)

1.00(Sensibility 1st )

1.20 (Sensibility 2nd)

1.40(Envisioning 1st )

1.40(Envisioning 2nd)

11c: afforded

.09(tasaAll)

3.00(Sensibility 1st )

2.40 (Sensibility 2nd)

3.20(Envisioning 1st )

5.60(Envisioning 2nd)

11d: non-afforded

.28(tasaAll)

2.00(Sensibility 1st )

1.40 (Sensibility 2nd)

2.00(Envisioning 1st )

2.00(Envisioning 2nd)



12. Jen was testing the characteristics of lake water.

a. She ice skated on the frozen water.

b. She poured the frozen water out of the bottle.

c. She poured the warm water out of the bottle.

d. She ice skated on the warm water.

12a: afforded

.28(tasaAll)

2.60(Sensibility 1st )

5.80 (Sensibility 2nd)

5.20(Envisioning 1st )

5.80(Envisioning 2nd)

12b: non-afforded

.44(tasaAll)

1.60(Sensibility 1st )

1.00 (Sensibility 2nd)

1.40(Envisioning 1st )

1.20(Envisioning 2nd)

12c: afforded

.42(tasaAll)

5.40(Sensibility 1st )

3.20 (Sensibility 2nd)

3.40(Envisioning 1st )

6.80(Envisioning 2nd)

12d: non-afforded

.30(tasaAll)

1.20(Sensibility 1st )

1.00 (Sensibility 2nd)

1.00(Envisioning 1st )

1.40(Envisioning 2nd)



13 Amy was shopping for bridesmaid dresses.

a. She didn’t like how shoulder pads looked in long-sleeved dresses.

b. Long-sleeved dresses showed off women’s beautifully toned arms.

c. Strapless dresses showed off women’s beautifully toned arms.

d. She didn’t like how shoulder pads looked in strapless dresses.

13a: afforded

.15(tasaAll)

6.60(Sensibility 1st )

6.00 (Sensibility 2nd)

6.20(Envisioning 1st )

6.80(Envisioning 2nd)

13b: non-afforded

.19(tasaAll)

4.20(Sensibility 1st )

3.80 (Sensibility 2nd)

4.80(Envisioning 1st )

6.00(Envisioning 2nd)

13c: afforded

.19(tasaAll)

5.60(Sensibility 1st )

5.40 (Sensibility 2nd)

5.80(Envisioning 1st )

6.60(Envisioning 2nd)

13d: non-afforded

.15(tasaAll)

1.80(Sensibility 1st )

1.20 (Sensibility 2nd)

3.00(Envisioning 1st )

2.60(Envisioning 2nd)



14. Karen had just finished being pampered at the salon.

a. She didn’t want to cover up her beautifully polished toenails by slipping on her socks and shoes.

b. She didn’t want to cover up her beautifully polished toenails by slipping on her gloves.

c. She didn’t want to cover up her beautifully polished fingernails by slipping on her gloves.

d. She didn’t want to cover up her beautifully polished fingernails by slipping on her socks and shoes.

14a: afforded

.04(tasaAll)

6.60(Sensibility 1st )

5.60 (Sensibility 2nd)

6.00(Envisioning 1st )

6.80(Envisioning 2nd)

14b: non-afforded

.04(tasaAll)

2.00(Sensibility 1st )

1.60 (Sensibility 2nd)

1.20(Envisioning 1st )

3.40(Envisioning 2nd)

14c: afforded

.04(tasaAll)

6.80(Sensibility 1st )

6.80 (Sensibility 2nd)

7.00(Envisioning 1st )

7.00(Envisioning 2nd)

14d: non-afforded

.04(tasaAll)

1.80(Sensibility 1st )

1.60 (Sensibility 2nd)

2.80(Envisioning 1st )

2.80(Envisioning 2nd)



15. Richard noticed his girlfriend was staring at him peculiarly.

a. She handed him a tissue to absorb his milk mustache.

b. She handed him scissors to trim his milk mustache.

c. She handed him scissors to trim his hairy mustache.

d. She handed him a tissue to absorb his hairy mustache.

15a: afforded

.32(tasaAll)

6.60(Sensibility 1st )

6.40 (Sensibility 2nd)

6.80(Envisioning 1st )

7.00(Envisioning 2nd)

15b: non-afforded

.37(tasaAll)

1.20(Sensibility 1st )

1.40 (Sensibility 2nd)

1.80(Envisioning 1st )

2.20(Envisioning 2nd)

15c: afforded

.56(tasaAll)

6.00(Sensibility 1st )

5.25 (Sensibility 2nd)

5.80(Envisioning 1st )

6.40(Envisioning 2nd)

15d: non-afforded

.43(tasaAll)

2.00(Sensibility 1st )

1.60 (Sensibility 2nd)

1.80(Envisioning 1st )

2.60(Envisioning 2nd)



16. Janice was cleaning out her bedroom.

a. She was sidetracked and ended up inflating her beach ball.

b. She ended up breaking her foot when she dropped her beach ball on it.

c. She ended up breaking her foot when she dropped her bowling ball on it.

d. She was sidetracked and ended up inflating her bowling ball.

16a: afforded

.48(tasaAll)

5.80(Sensibility 1st )

5.80 (Sensibility 2nd)

5.40(Envisioning 1st )

6.80(Envisioning 2nd)

16b: non-afforded

.58(tasaAll)

1.40(Sensibility 1st )

2.00(Sensibility 2nd)

2.80(Envisioning 1st )

2.20(Envisioning 2nd)

16c: afforded

.61(tasaAll)

5.80(Sensibility 1st )

6.60 (Sensibility 2nd)

6.20(Envisioning 1st )

7.00(Envisioning 2nd)

16d: non-afforded

.51(tasaAll)

2.00(Sensibility 1st )

1.60 (Sensibility 2nd)

1.80(Envisioning 1st )

1.80(Envisioning 2nd)



17. Rita rushed off to work in her car.

a. She was pulled over because her car had a busted taillight.

b. She was pulled over because she ran a taillight.

c. She was pulled over because she ran a stoplight.

d. She was pulled over because her car had a busted stoplight.

17a: afforded

.77(tasaAll)

6.00(Sensibility 1st )

6.60 (Sensibility 2nd)

6.60(Envisioning 1st )

6.80(Envisioning 2nd)

17b: non-afforded

.27(tasaAll)

1.00(Sensibility 1st )

1.40 (Sensibility 2nd)

1.60(Envisioning 1st )

1.00(Envisioning 2nd)

17c: afforded

.27(tasaAll)

7.00(Sensibility 1st )

7.00 (Sensibility 2nd)

7.00(Envisioning 1st )

6.00(Envisioning 2nd)

17d: non-afforded

.77(tasaAll)

3.00(Sensibility 1st )

3.20 (Sensibility 2nd)

3.00(Envisioning 1st )

4.60(Envisioning 2nd)



Experiment 1

Experiment 3